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: Devices like smart collars and activity trackers provide real-time data on a pet’s emotional and physical state, allowing for precise, data-driven interventions.

By integrating behavioral science into

are increasingly intertwined. While veterinary science provides the clinical foundation—anatomy, pharmacology, and surgery—animal behavior adds the crucial layer of psychological welfare. Key emerging areas in this space include: Low-Stress Handling: : Devices like smart collars and activity trackers